Which of the following amendments addresses both Free Exercise and Establishment clauses?

The First Amendment is the correct answer because it explicitly includes both the Free Exercise Clause and the Establishment Clause as part of its provisions regarding freedom of religion. The Free Exercise Clause protects individuals' rights to practice their religion without government interference, while the Establishment Clause prohibits the government from establishing an official religion or favoring one religion over another. This dual focus on both protecting religious practices and preventing governmental endorsement of religion makes the First Amendment foundational to religious freedoms in the United States.

The other amendments listed do not address both these aspects of religious freedom; for instance, the Fourth Amendment focuses on protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, the Fifth Amendment concerns various rights in legal proceedings, and the Fourteenth Amendment addresses equal protection and due process rather than directly relating to the specific freedoms of religion emphasized in the First Amendment.